"penurunan" meaning in All languages combined

See penurunan on Wiktionary

Noun [Indonesian]

IPA: /pə.nu.ˈrʊn.an/ Forms: pênurunan [canonical], penurunan-penurunan [plural]
Rhymes: -an Etymology: Affixed turun + peng- -an, from Malay penurunan. Etymology templates: {{af|id|turun|peng- -an}} turun + peng- -an, {{inh|id|ms|penurunan}} Malay penurunan Head templates: {{id-noun|head=pênurunan}} pênurunan (plural penurunan-penurunan)
  1. lowering, reducing, decline, decrement, loss, decrease
    Sense id: en-penurunan-id-noun-Mje3iL~V
  2. reduction:
    the act, process, or result of reducing
    Synonyms: pengurangan, reduksi
    Sense id: en-penurunan-id-noun-ThIngbZH
  3. reduction:
    the amount or rate by which something is reduced, e.g. in price
    Synonyms: pemotongan, reduksi
    Sense id: en-penurunan-id-noun-bX2gjG7~
  4. discharging, disembarkation (of passenger)
    Sense id: en-penurunan-id-noun-ri9DRtwg Categories (other): Indonesian entries with incorrect language header, Indonesian terms circumfixed with peng- -an, Pages with 2 entries, Pages with entries Disambiguation of Indonesian entries with incorrect language header: 6 4 2 25 17 3 3 3 28 9 Disambiguation of Indonesian terms circumfixed with peng- -an: 7 4 4 20 14 7 7 2 20 13 Disambiguation of Pages with 2 entries: 3 2 2 17 9 4 4 1 19 3 1 3 9 21 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 2 1 2 18 10 3 3 1 21 2 1 2 9 26
  5. (obstetrics) descent: the passage of the presenting part of the fetus into and through the birth canal. Categories (topical): Obstetrics
    Sense id: en-penurunan-id-noun-D4Xr-Prs Categories (other): Indonesian entries with incorrect language header, Indonesian terms circumfixed with peng- -an Disambiguation of Indonesian entries with incorrect language header: 6 4 2 25 17 3 3 3 28 9 Disambiguation of Indonesian terms circumfixed with peng- -an: 7 4 4 20 14 7 7 2 20 13 Topics: medicine, obstetrics, sciences
  6. unloading Synonyms: pembongkaran
    Sense id: en-penurunan-id-noun-t4zOc~xg
  7. downgrading
    Sense id: en-penurunan-id-noun-i0iqhjZ-
  8. subsidence
    Sense id: en-penurunan-id-noun-fO0w67nn
  9. derivation, deriving
    Sense id: en-penurunan-id-noun-enU6KqXp Categories (other): Indonesian entries with incorrect language header, Indonesian terms circumfixed with peng- -an, Pages with 2 entries, Pages with entries Disambiguation of Indonesian entries with incorrect language header: 6 4 2 25 17 3 3 3 28 9 Disambiguation of Indonesian terms circumfixed with peng- -an: 7 4 4 20 14 7 7 2 20 13 Disambiguation of Pages with 2 entries: 3 2 2 17 9 4 4 1 19 3 1 3 9 21 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 2 1 2 18 10 3 3 1 21 2 1 2 9 26
  10. (colloquial) descent, slope Tags: colloquial
    Sense id: en-penurunan-id-noun-dijetiLj Categories (other): Indonesian terms circumfixed with peng- -an Disambiguation of Indonesian terms circumfixed with peng- -an: 7 4 4 20 14 7 7 2 20 13
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: penurunan bentuk

Noun [Malay]

Forms: penurunan-penurunan [plural]
Head templates: {{ms-noun|head=}} penurunan (plural penurunan-penurunan)
  1. fall
    Sense id: en-penurunan-ms-noun-LcRq8beM
  2. reduction:
    (mathematics) the rewriting of an expression into a simpler form.
    Categories (topical): Mathematics Synonyms: penyederhanaan
    Sense id: en-penurunan-ms-noun-ElymGBDK Topics: mathematics, sciences
  3. reduction:
    (chemistry) a reaction in which electrons are gained and valence is reduced; often by the removal of oxygen or the addition of hydrogen.
    Categories (topical): Chemistry Synonyms: reduksi
    Sense id: en-penurunan-ms-noun--QbZoDfi Topics: chemistry, natural-sciences, physical-sciences
  4. disembarkation
    Sense id: en-penurunan-ms-noun-z7aFK92i Categories (other): Pages with 2 entries, Pages with entries, Malay entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Pages with 2 entries: 3 2 2 17 9 4 4 1 19 3 1 3 9 21 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 2 1 2 18 10 3 3 1 21 2 1 2 9 26 Disambiguation of Malay entries with incorrect language header: 1 12 27 60
{
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  ],
  "lang": "Indonesian",
  "lang_code": "id",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
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        "lowering, reducing, decline, decrement, loss, decrease"
      ],
      "id": "en-penurunan-id-noun-Mje3iL~V",
      "links": [
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        [
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        [
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          "decrement"
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          "passenger"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "id",
          "name": "Obstetrics",
          "orig": "id:Obstetrics",
          "parents": [
            "Developmental biology",
            "Medicine",
            "Pregnancy",
            "Biology",
            "Healthcare",
            "Body",
            "Gynaecology",
            "Sciences",
            "Health",
            "All topics",
            "Female",
            "Fundamental",
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            "Psychology",
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            "Society"
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          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Indonesian terms circumfixed with peng- -an",
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        }
      ],
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        "descent: the passage of the presenting part of the fetus into and through the birth canal."
      ],
      "id": "en-penurunan-id-noun-D4Xr-Prs",
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        "(obstetrics) descent: the passage of the presenting part of the fetus into and through the birth canal."
      ],
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        "medicine",
        "obstetrics",
        "sciences"
      ]
    },
    {
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      ],
      "id": "en-penurunan-id-noun-t4zOc~xg",
      "links": [
        [
          "unloading",
          "unloading"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "pembongkaran"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "downgrading"
      ],
      "id": "en-penurunan-id-noun-i0iqhjZ-",
      "links": [
        [
          "downgrading",
          "downgrading"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
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      ],
      "id": "en-penurunan-id-noun-fO0w67nn",
      "links": [
        [
          "subsidence",
          "subsidence"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
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          "kind": "other",
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      ],
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        "derivation, deriving"
      ],
      "id": "en-penurunan-id-noun-enU6KqXp",
      "links": [
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          "derivation",
          "derivation"
        ],
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          "deriving"
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      ]
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      ],
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    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-an"
    }
  ],
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  ],
  "word": "penurunan"
}

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}
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        "(obstetrics) descent: the passage of the presenting part of the fetus into and through the birth canal."
      ],
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        "medicine",
        "obstetrics",
        "sciences"
      ]
    },
    {
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          "unloading",
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        ]
      ],
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      ]
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          "subsidence",
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      ]
    },
    {
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        "derivation, deriving"
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          "derivation",
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          "deriving",
          "deriving"
        ]
      ]
    },
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      ],
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    }
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    },
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  ],
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    "id:penurunan"
  ],
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}

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      },
      "expansion": "penurunan (plural penurunan-penurunan)",
      "name": "ms-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Malay",
  "lang_code": "ms",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "fall"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "fall",
          "fall"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "ms:Mathematics"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "(Indonesian)"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "reduction:",
        "the rewriting of an expression into a simpler form."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "reduction",
          "reduction"
        ],
        [
          "mathematics",
          "mathematics"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "reduction:",
        "(mathematics) the rewriting of an expression into a simpler form."
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "penyederhanaan"
        }
      ],
      "topics": [
        "mathematics",
        "sciences"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "ms:Chemistry"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "(Indonesian)"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "reduction:",
        "a reaction in which electrons are gained and valence is reduced; often by the removal of oxygen or the addition of hydrogen."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "reduction",
          "reduction"
        ],
        [
          "chemistry",
          "chemistry"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "reduction:",
        "(chemistry) a reaction in which electrons are gained and valence is reduced; often by the removal of oxygen or the addition of hydrogen."
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "reduksi"
        }
      ],
      "topics": [
        "chemistry",
        "natural-sciences",
        "physical-sciences"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "disembarkation"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "disembarkation",
          "disembarkation"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "penurunan"
}

Download raw JSONL data for penurunan meaning in All languages combined (4.4kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-04-29 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-04-20 using wiktextract (4eaa824 and ea19a0a). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.